- Exercise CORPAT and Bongosagar: It is the 4th edition of the BONGOSAGAR and the 5th edition of Coordinated Patrol (CORPAT) exercise. Both are bilateral naval exercise. Indian Navy Ships Kuthar, Kiltan and Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA) Dornier participated in the exercise along with Bangladesh Navy Ships Abu Bakr and Abu Ubaidah.CORPAT-23 also included the maiden Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) drills conducted between the two navies wherein a Search and Rescue scenario at sea was exercised. INS Kuthar is an indigenously built guided-missile Corvette, whereas INS Kiltan is an indigenously built anti-submarine Corvette.
- National Education Day: It is celebrated on November 11 every year (Since 2008) to mark the birth anniversary of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, India’s first education minister. The purpose of celebrating National Education Day is to enlighten individuals about the importance of education and its positive impact on the nation’s development and well-being. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, born on November 11, 1888, was a scholar, educationist, freedom fighter, and senior leader of the Indian National Congress (INC).He became the youngest person to serve as President of INC in 1923, at the age of 35. He was one of the leading supporters of the non-violent civil disobedience movement that was led by Mahatma Gandhi. He was the first Education Minister of independent India. He served in the position from 1947 to 1958. He was instrumental in the establishment of premier educational institutions, including the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and the UGC.
- Vampire Viruses: They are pathogens that latch onto other viruses in order to replicate themselves. They emerge when a bacteriophage attaches to a soil-based virus, utilising its “life” for independent survival. This viral relationship between two pathogens is called a satellite and a helper. The satellite is the infectious strand that relies on the helper for support through its life cycle. Satellites depend on both their host organism and helper virus to complete its life cycle. The satellite virus depends on the helper virus to build the protective shell that covers its genetic material, called a capsid or to help it replicate its DNA. Most satellite viruses contain a gene that allows them to integrate into the host cell’s genetic material after they enter the cell. This enables the satellite to reproduce whenever a helper enters the cell from then on. The host cell also copies the satellite’s DNA and its own when it divides.
- Insurance Surety Bond: These bonds can be defined in their simplest form as a written agreement to guarantee compliance, payment, or performance of an act. These are instruments where insurance companies act as ‘Surety’ and provide the financial guarantee that the contractor will fulfil its obligation as per the agreed terms. Surety is a unique type of insurance because it involves a three-party agreement. The three parties in a surety agreement are:
Principal: The party that purchases the bond and undertakes an obligation to perform an act as promised.
Surety: The insurance company or surety company that guarantees the obligation will be performed. If the principal fails to perform the act as promised, the surety is contractually liable for losses sustained.
Obligee: The party who requires and often receives the benefit of the surety For most surety bonds, the obligee is a local, state or federal government organisation.
