SAGAR SAMPARK: It is an indigenous Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS). The Differential Global Navigation Satellite System is a terrestrial-based enhancement system that corrects the errors and inaccuracies in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) allowing for more accurate positioning information.
It is now able to transmit corrections of GPS and GLONASS. Sagar Sampark at six locations will assist the Director General of Lighthouses and Lightships (DGLL) to provide radio aids to ships for marine navigation. The system will provide accurate information to the ships for safe navigation and will reduce the risk of collisions, groundings, and accidents in the port and harbour areas. This will lead to the safe and efficient movement of vessels. It will significantly improve the accuracy of GPS positioning and reduces errors caused by atmospheric inferences, satellite clock drift, and other factors. The error correction accuracy has been improved from 5 to 10 meters to less than 5 meters for 100 Nautical Miles (NM) from Indian coastlines.
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS): Recently, scientists have analyzed data generated from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and said that climate change has altered the colour of 56 per cent of the world’s oceans.
It is a key instrument aboard the Terra(originally known as EOS AM-1) and Aqua (originally known as EOS PM-1) and Aqua (originally known as EOS PM-1) satellites. Terra’s orbit around the Earth is timed so that it passes from north to south across the equator in the morning, while Aqua passes south to north over the equator in the afternoon. Terra MODIS and Aqua MODIS are viewing the entire Earth’s surface every 1 to 2 days, acquiring data in 36 spectral bands, or groups of wavelengths.
These data will improve our understanding of global dynamics and processes occurring on the land, in the oceans, and in the lower atmosphere. It is playing a vital role in the development of validated, global, interactive Earth system models able to predict global change accurately enough to assist policymakers in making sound decisions concerning the protection of our environment.
International Biology Olympiad: It is a biological Olympiad for pre-university students under the age of 20, and is one of the most well-known International Science Olympiads.
The first IBO was held in Czechoslovakia in 1990, and it has since been held annually.
The competition has gradually expanded to include more than 75 participating countries across five continents. All participating countries send the four winners of their National Biology Olympiad to the IBO, usually accompanied by two adults who are members of the international jury, for the duration of the competition. To select these top four life science contestants for this international competition, all member countries host Biology Olympiad competitions in typically 3-5 consecutively more difficult national competition rounds.
As a consequence, this leads to a trickle-down effect, engaging more than 1 million students worldwide in life science each year. Every year it is organised by a different country.
India organized this Olympiad in 2008.
