Bilateral Investment Treaty: is an agreement between two countries that sets up “rules of the road” for foreign investment in each other’s countries. BITs typically serve to protect investments made by investors on a reciprocal basis, specifying conditions on regulatory oversight of the host state and limiting interference with the rights of foreign investors.
Eurasian Economic Union: is an international organization for regional economic integration that came into existence on 1st January 2015. The EAEU provides for free movement of goods, services, capital, and labor within its borders. It pursues, coordinates, & harmonizes the policies in the sectors determined by the Treaty and international agreements within the Union. The member states of the Eurasian Economic Union are, The Republic of Armenia, The Republic of Belarus, The Republic of Kazakhstan, The Kyrgyz Republic, and The Russian Federation.
Antibodies: is also known as an immunoglobulin(Ig). These are large, Y-shaped blood proteins produced by plasma cells. They bind to foreign particles and invade them. They are not found at a place as such, but whenever our immune system encounters antigen or a pathogen, B cells get activated immediately releasing antibodies into the bloodstream. These immunoglobulins undergo mitosis resulting in cell division and continuously produce antibodies as a result of producing more cells. These antibodies remain in the blood for some time but B cells remember these antigens and repeat the same course of action whenever they reappear in our body.
T- Cell: T cells are so called because they are predominantly produced in the thymus. They recognise foreign particles (antigen) by a surface expressed, highly variable, T cell receptor (TCR). There are two major types of T cells: the helper T cell and the cytotoxic T cell. As the names suggest, helper T cells ‘help’ other cells of the immune system, whilst cytotoxic T cells kill virally infected cells and tumours. The severity of disease can depend on the strength of these T cell responses.
BBV152: Covaxin (codenamed as BBV152) is an inactivated virus-based COVID-19 vaccine developed by Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research – National Institute of Virology. As an inactivated vaccine, Covaxin uses a more traditional technology that is similar to the inactivated polio vaccine.
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