DAILY PRELIMS BOOSTER 22nd JUNE 2022

1) Heterologous vaccine: In homologous boosting, a person is injected with the same vaccine that was used for the two previous doses. In heterologous boosting, a person is injected with a different vaccine from that was used for the primary dose.

• There is a growing body of scientific evidence to prove that when heterologous doses are used as booster shots, the immune response is more efficient.
• Covid-19 vaccine Corbevax has become the first to be approved by the country’s drug regulator as a heterologous booster in adults.

2) Twin deficit: Current Account Deficit and Fiscal Deficit (also known as “budget deficit” is a situation when a nation’s expenditure exceeds its revenues) are together known as twin deficits and both often reinforce each other, i.e., a high fiscal deficit leads to higher CAD and vice versa.

• There is a deficit in Current Account if the value of the goods and services imported exceeds the value of those exported.
• The fiscal deficit is the difference between the government’s total expenditure and its total receipts (excluding borrowing)

3) Rohith Chakrathirtha committee: review Karnataka textbooks from class 1 to class 10.

• The demand for review emerged as certain parts of these textbooks hurt the Brahmin sentiments by projecting Vedic period as negative.

4)  Lingayats: Lingayats are followers of Basavanna, the 12th-century social reformer who rebelled against Hindu society and established a new dharma.

• Veerashaivas in Karnataka, influenced by the preachings of Basavanna adapted the same into their lives and faith.
• they are strict monotheists. They enjoin the worship of only one God, namely called Linga(Shiva).
• However, it should be noted that the words ‘Linga’ here does not mean the Linga which is established in temples, but the universal consciousness qualified by the universal energy (Shakti).
• Lingayat community members argue that it is different from that of Hinduism as it is Gender-neutral, caste-neutral treatment of equality.

5) Virasaivism:  means the Saivism of the stalwarts or heroic Saivism.

• the Linga they wear on their person distinguishes the Virasaivas from the Suddhasaivas. Hence the name ‘Lingayats’ is also applied to them and the cult itself is called Lingayata.
• They precede Basavanna, the founder of Lingayatism.
• They are found largely in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala.
• All sects of the Veerashaiva follow the ‘Pancha Peeta’, five mutts.
• While Lingayats argue that their religious practices are not similar to Veerashaivas or Hindus, the Veerashaiva community has called Lingayatism a part of Hindutva.